/* * Copyright 2005-2006 Luc Verhaegen. * * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a * copy of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), * to deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation * the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, * and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the * Software is furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions: * * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in * all copies or substantial portions of the Software. * * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL * THE COPYRIGHT HOLDER(S) OR AUTHOR(S) BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR * OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, * ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR * OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE. * */ /* Standalone VESA CVT standard timing modelines generator. */ #include "xf86.h" /* * Generate a CVT standard mode from HDisplay, VDisplay and VRefresh. * * These calculations are stolen from the CVT calculation spreadsheet written * by Graham Loveridge. He seems to be claiming no copyright and there seems to * be no license attached to this. He apparently just wants to see his name * mentioned. * * This file can be found at http://www.vesa.org/Public/CVT/CVTd6r1.xls * * Comments and structure corresponds to the comments and structure of the xls. * This should ease importing of future changes to the standard (not very * likely though). * * About margins; i'm sure that they are to be the bit between HDisplay and * HBlankStart, HBlankEnd and HTotal, VDisplay and VBlankStart, VBlankEnd and * VTotal, where the overscan colour is shown. FB seems to call _all_ blanking * outside sync "margin" for some reason. Since we prefer seeing proper * blanking instead of the overscan colour, and since the Crtc* values will * probably get altered after us, we will disable margins altogether. With * these calculations, Margins will plainly expand H/VDisplay, and we don't * want that. -- libv * */ static DisplayModePtr xf86CVTMode(int HDisplay, int VDisplay, float VRefresh, Bool Reduced, Bool Interlaced) { DisplayModeRec *Mode = xnfalloc(sizeof(DisplayModeRec)); /* 1) top/bottom margin size (% of height) - default: 1.8 */ #define CVT_MARGIN_PERCENTAGE 1.8 /* 2) character cell horizontal granularity (pixels) - default 8 */ #define CVT_H_GRANULARITY 8 /* 4) Minimum vertical porch (lines) - default 3 */ #define CVT_MIN_V_PORCH 3 /* 4) Minimum number of vertical back porch lines - default 6 */ #define CVT_MIN_V_BPORCH 6 /* Pixel Clock step (kHz) */ #define CVT_CLOCK_STEP 250 Bool Margins = FALSE; float VFieldRate, HPeriod; int HDisplayRnd, HMargin; int VDisplayRnd, VMargin, VSync; float Interlace; /* Please rename this */ memset(Mode, 0, sizeof(DisplayModeRec)); /* CVT default is 60.0Hz */ if (!VRefresh) VRefresh = 60.0; /* 1. Required field rate */ if (Interlaced) VFieldRate = VRefresh * 2; else VFieldRate = VRefresh; /* 2. Horizontal pixels */ HDisplayRnd = HDisplay - (HDisplay % CVT_H_GRANULARITY); /* 3. Determine left and right borders */ if (Margins) { /* right margin is actually exactly the same as left */ HMargin = (((float) HDisplayRnd) * CVT_MARGIN_PERCENTAGE / 100.0); HMargin -= HMargin % CVT_H_GRANULARITY; } else HMargin = 0; /* 4. Find total active pixels */ Mode->HDisplay = HDisplayRnd + 2*HMargin; /* 5. Find number of lines per field */ if (Interlaced) VDisplayRnd = VDisplay / 2; else VDisplayRnd = VDisplay; /* 6. Find top and bottom margins */ /* nope. */ if (Margins) /* top and bottom margins are equal again. */ VMargin = (((float) VDisplayRnd) * CVT_MARGIN_PERCENTAGE / 100.0); else VMargin = 0; Mode->VDisplay = VDisplay + 2*VMargin; /* 7. Interlace */ if (Interlaced) Interlace = 0.5; else Interlace = 0.0; /* Determine VSync Width from aspect ratio */ if (!(VDisplay % 3) && ((VDisplay * 4 / 3) == HDisplay)) VSync = 4; else if (!(VDisplay % 9) && ((VDisplay * 16 / 9) == HDisplay)) VSync = 5; else if (!(VDisplay % 10) && ((VDisplay * 16 / 10) == HDisplay)) VSync = 6; else if (!(VDisplay % 4) && ((VDisplay * 5 / 4) == HDisplay)) VSync = 7; else if (!(VDisplay % 9) && ((VDisplay * 15 / 9) == HDisplay)) VSync = 7; else /* Custom */ VSync = 10; if (!Reduced) { /* simplified GTF calculation */ /* 4) Minimum time of vertical sync + back porch interval (µs) * default 550.0 */ #define CVT_MIN_VSYNC_BP 550.0 /* 3) Nominal HSync width (% of line period) - default 8 */ #define CVT_HSYNC_PERCENTAGE 8 float HBlankPercentage; int VSyncAndBackPorch, VBackPorch; int HBlank; /* 8. Estimated Horizontal period */ HPeriod = ((float) (1000000.0 / VFieldRate - CVT_MIN_VSYNC_BP)) / (VDisplayRnd + 2 * VMargin + CVT_MIN_V_PORCH + Interlace); /* 9. Find number of lines in sync + backporch */ if (((int)(CVT_MIN_VSYNC_BP / HPeriod) + 1) < (VSync + CVT_MIN_V_PORCH)) VSyncAndBackPorch = VSync + CVT_MIN_V_PORCH; else VSyncAndBackPorch = (int)(CVT_MIN_VSYNC_BP / HPeriod) + 1; /* 10. Find number of lines in back porch */ VBackPorch = VSyncAndBackPorch - VSync; /* 11. Find total number of lines in vertical field */ Mode->VTotal = VDisplayRnd + 2 * VMargin + VSyncAndBackPorch + Interlace + CVT_MIN_V_PORCH; /* 5) Definition of Horizontal blanking time limitation */ /* Gradient (%/kHz) - default 600 */ #define CVT_M_FACTOR 600 /* Offset (%) - default 40 */ #define CVT_C_FACTOR 40 /* Blanking time scaling factor - default 128 */ #define CVT_K_FACTOR 128 /* Scaling factor weighting - default 20 */ #define CVT_J_FACTOR 20 #define CVT_M_PRIME CVT_M_FACTOR * CVT_K_FACTOR / 256 #define CVT_C_PRIME (CVT_C_FACTOR - CVT_J_FACTOR) * CVT_K_FACTOR / 256 + \ CVT_J_FACTOR /* 12. Find ideal blanking duty cycle from formula */ HBlankPercentage = CVT_C_PRIME - CVT_M_PRIME * HPeriod/1000.0; /* 13. Blanking time */ if (HBlankPercentage < 20) HBlankPercentage = 20; HBlank = Mode->HDisplay * HBlankPercentage/(100.0 - HBlankPercentage); HBlank -= HBlank % (2*CVT_H_GRANULARITY); /* 14. Find total number of pixels in a line. */ Mode->HTotal = Mode->HDisplay + HBlank; /* Fill in HSync values */ Mode->HSyncEnd = Mode->HDisplay + HBlank / 2; Mode->HSyncStart = Mode->HSyncEnd - (Mode->HTotal * CVT_HSYNC_PERCENTAGE) / 100; Mode->HSyncStart += CVT_H_GRANULARITY - Mode->HSyncStart % CVT_H_GRANULARITY; /* Fill in VSync values */ Mode->VSyncStart = Mode->VDisplay + CVT_MIN_V_PORCH; Mode->VSyncEnd = Mode->VSyncStart + VSync; } else { /* Reduced blanking */ /* Minimum vertical blanking interval time (µs) - default 460 */ #define CVT_RB_MIN_VBLANK 460.0 /* Fixed number of clocks for horizontal sync */ #define CVT_RB_H_SYNC 32.0 /* Fixed number of clocks for horizontal blanking */ #define CVT_RB_H_BLANK 160.0 /* Fixed number of lines for vertical front porch - default 3 */ #define CVT_RB_VFPORCH 3 int VBILines; /* 8. Estimate Horizontal period. */ HPeriod = ((float) (1000000.0 / VFieldRate - CVT_RB_MIN_VBLANK)) / (VDisplayRnd + 2*VMargin); /* 9. Find number of lines in vertical blanking */ VBILines = ((float) CVT_RB_MIN_VBLANK) / HPeriod + 1; /* 10. Check if vertical blanking is sufficient */ if (VBILines < (CVT_RB_VFPORCH + VSync + CVT_MIN_V_BPORCH)) VBILines = CVT_RB_VFPORCH + VSync + CVT_MIN_V_BPORCH; /* 11. Find total number of lines in vertical field */ Mode->VTotal = VDisplayRnd + 2 * VMargin + Interlace + VBILines; /* 12. Find total number of pixels in a line */ Mode->HTotal = Mode->HDisplay + CVT_RB_H_BLANK; /* Fill in HSync values */ Mode->HSyncEnd = Mode->HDisplay + CVT_RB_H_BLANK / 2; Mode->HSyncStart = Mode->HSyncEnd - CVT_RB_H_SYNC; /* Fill in VSync values */ Mode->VSyncStart = Mode->VDisplay + CVT_RB_VFPORCH; Mode->VSyncEnd = Mode->VSyncStart + VSync; } /* 15/13. Find pixel clock frequency (kHz for xf86) */ Mode->Clock = Mode->HTotal * 1000.0 / HPeriod; Mode->Clock -= Mode->Clock % CVT_CLOCK_STEP; /* 16/14. Find actual Horizontal Frequency (kHz) */ Mode->HSync = ((float) Mode->Clock) / ((float) Mode->HTotal); /* 17/15. Find actual Field rate */ Mode->VRefresh = (1000.0 * ((float) Mode->Clock)) / ((float) (Mode->HTotal * Mode->VTotal)); /* 18/16. Find actual vertical frame frequency */ /* ignore - just set the mode flag for interlaced */ if (Interlaced) Mode->VTotal *= 2; { char Name[256]; Name[0] = 0; snprintf(Name, 256, "%dx%d", HDisplay, VDisplay); Mode->name = xnfalloc(strlen(Name) + 1); memcpy(Mode->name, Name, strlen(Name) + 1); } if (Reduced) Mode->Flags |= V_PHSYNC | V_NVSYNC; else Mode->Flags |= V_NHSYNC | V_PVSYNC; if (Interlaced) Mode->Flags |= V_INTERLACE; return Mode; } /* * Quickly check wether this is a CVT standard mode. */ static Bool CVTCheckStandard(int HDisplay, int VDisplay, float VRefresh, Bool Reduced, Bool Verbose) { Bool IsCVT = TRUE; if ((!(VDisplay % 3) && ((VDisplay * 4 / 3) == HDisplay)) || (!(VDisplay % 9) && ((VDisplay * 16 / 9) == HDisplay)) || (!(VDisplay % 10) && ((VDisplay * 16 / 10) == HDisplay)) || (!(VDisplay % 4) && ((VDisplay * 5 / 4) == HDisplay)) || (!(VDisplay % 9) && ((VDisplay * 15 / 9) == HDisplay))) ; else { if (Verbose) fprintf(stderr, "Warning: Aspect Ratio is not CVT standard.\n"); IsCVT = FALSE; } if ((VRefresh != 50.0) && (VRefresh != 60.0) && (VRefresh != 75.0) && (VRefresh != 85.0)) { if (Verbose) fprintf(stderr, "Warning: Refresh Rate is not CVT standard " "(50, 60, 75 or 85Hz).\n"); IsCVT = FALSE; } return IsCVT; } /* * I'm not documenting --interlaced for obvious reasons, even though I did * implement it. I also can't deny having looked at gtf here. */ static void PrintUsage(char *Name) { fprintf(stderr, "\n"); fprintf(stderr, "usage: %s [-v|--verbose] [-r|--reduced] X Y [refresh]\n", Name); fprintf(stderr, "\n"); fprintf(stderr, " -v|--verbose : Warn about CVT standard adherance.\n"); fprintf(stderr, " -r|--reduced : Create a mode with reduced blanking " "(default: normal blanking).\n"); fprintf(stderr, " X : Desired horizontal resolution " "(multiple of 8, required).\n"); fprintf(stderr, " Y : Desired vertical resolution (required).\n"); fprintf(stderr, " refresh : Desired refresh rate (default: 60.0Hz).\n"); fprintf(stderr, "\n"); fprintf(stderr, "Calculates VESA CVT (Coordinated Video Timing) modelines" " for use with X.\n"); } /* * */ static void PrintComment(DisplayModeRec *Mode, Bool CVT, Bool Reduced) { printf("# %dx%d %.2f Hz ", Mode->HDisplay, Mode->VDisplay, Mode->VRefresh); if (CVT) { printf("(CVT %.2fM", ((float) Mode->HDisplay * Mode->VDisplay) / 1000000.0); if (!(Mode->VDisplay % 3) && ((Mode->VDisplay * 4 / 3) == Mode->HDisplay)) printf("3"); else if (!(Mode->VDisplay % 9) && ((Mode->VDisplay * 16 / 9) == Mode->HDisplay)) printf("9"); else if (!(Mode->VDisplay % 10) && ((Mode->VDisplay * 16 / 10) == Mode->HDisplay)) printf("A"); else if (!(Mode->VDisplay % 4) && ((Mode->VDisplay * 5 / 4) == Mode->HDisplay)) printf("4"); else if (!(Mode->VDisplay % 9) && ((Mode->VDisplay * 15 / 9) == Mode->HDisplay)) printf("9"); if (Reduced) printf("-R"); printf(") "); } else printf("(CVT) "); printf("hsync: %.2f kHz; ", Mode->HSync); printf("pclk: %.2f MHz", ((float ) Mode->Clock) / 1000.0); printf("\n"); } /* * Originally grabbed from xf86Mode.c. * * Ignoring the actual Mode->name, as the user will want something solid * to grab hold of. */ static void PrintModeline(DisplayModePtr Mode, int HDisplay, int VDisplay, float VRefresh, Bool Reduced) { if (Reduced) printf("Modeline \"%dx%dR\" ", HDisplay, VDisplay); else printf("Modeline \"%dx%d_%.2f\" ", HDisplay, VDisplay, VRefresh); printf("%6.2f %i %i %i %i %i %i %i %i", Mode->Clock/1000., Mode->HDisplay, Mode->HSyncStart, Mode->HSyncEnd, Mode->HTotal, Mode->VDisplay, Mode->VSyncStart, Mode->VSyncEnd, Mode->VTotal); if (Mode->Flags & V_INTERLACE) printf(" interlace"); if (Mode->Flags & V_PHSYNC) printf(" +hsync"); if (Mode->Flags & V_NHSYNC) printf(" -hsync"); if (Mode->Flags & V_PVSYNC) printf(" +vsync"); if (Mode->Flags & V_NVSYNC) printf(" -vsync"); printf("\n"); } /* * */ int main (int argc, char *argv[]) { DisplayModeRec *Mode; int HDisplay = 0, VDisplay = 0; float VRefresh = 0.0; Bool Reduced = FALSE, Verbose = FALSE, IsCVT; Bool Interlaced = FALSE; int n; if ((argc < 3) || (argc > 7)) { PrintUsage(argv[0]); return 0; } /* This doesn't filter out bad flags properly. Bad flags get passed down * to atoi/atof, which then return 0, so that these variables can get * filled next time round. So this is just a cosmetic problem. */ for (n = 1; n < argc; n++) { if (!strcmp(argv[n], "-r") || !strcmp(argv[n], "--reduced")) Reduced = TRUE; else if (!strcmp(argv[n], "-i") || !strcmp(argv[n], "--interlaced")) Interlaced = TRUE; else if (!strcmp(argv[n], "-v") || !strcmp(argv[n], "--verbose")) Verbose = TRUE; else if (!strcmp(argv[n], "-h") || !strcmp(argv[n], "--help")) { PrintUsage(argv[0]); return 0; } else if (!HDisplay) HDisplay = atoi(argv[n]); else if (!VDisplay) VDisplay = atoi(argv[n]); else if (!VRefresh) VRefresh = atof(argv[n]); else { PrintUsage(argv[0]); return 0; } } if (!HDisplay || !VDisplay) { PrintUsage(argv[0]); return 0; } /* Default to 60.0Hz */ if (!VRefresh) VRefresh = 60.0; /* Horizontal timing is always a multiple of 8: round up. */ if (HDisplay & 0x07) { HDisplay &= ~0x07; HDisplay += 8; } if (Reduced && (VRefresh != 60.0)) { fprintf(stderr, "\nERROR: 60Hz refresh rate required for reduced" " blanking.\n"); PrintUsage(argv[0]); return 0; } IsCVT = CVTCheckStandard(HDisplay, VDisplay, VRefresh, Reduced, Verbose); Mode = xf86CVTMode(HDisplay, VDisplay, VRefresh, Reduced, Interlaced); PrintComment(Mode, IsCVT, Reduced); PrintModeline(Mode, HDisplay, VDisplay, VRefresh, Reduced); return 0; }