673 lines
		
	
	
		
			20 KiB
		
	
	
	
		
			Groff
		
	
	
	
			
		
		
	
	
			673 lines
		
	
	
		
			20 KiB
		
	
	
	
		
			Groff
		
	
	
	
| .\" $XdotOrg: xserver/xorg/hw/xfree86/doc/man/Xorg.man.pre,v 1.3 2005/07/04 18:41:01 ajax Exp $
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| .\" shorthand for double quote that works everywhere.
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| .ds q \N'34'
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| .TH Xorg @appmansuffix@ @vendorversion@
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| .SH NAME
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| Xorg - X11R7 X server
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| .SH SYNOPSIS
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| .B Xorg
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| .RI [\fB:\fP display ]
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| .RI [ option
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| .IR ... ]
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| .SH DESCRIPTION
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| .B Xorg
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| is a full featured X server that was originally designed for UNIX and
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| UNIX-like operating systems running on Intel x86 hardware.  It now runs
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| on a wider range of hardware and OS platforms.
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| .PP
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| This work was derived by the X.Org Foundation from the XFree86 Project's
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| .I "XFree86\ 4.4rc2"
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| release.
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| The XFree86 release was originally derived from
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| .I "X386\ 1.2"
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| by Thomas Roell which was contributed to X11R5 by Snitily Graphics
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| Consulting Service.
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| .SH PLATFORMS
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| .B Xorg
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| operates under a wide range of operating systems and hardware platforms.
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| The Intel x86 (IA32) architecture is the most widely supported hardware
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| platform.  Other hardware platforms include Compaq Alpha, Intel IA64, AMD64,
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| SPARC and PowerPC.  The most widely supported operating systems are the
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| free/OpenSource UNIX-like systems such as Linux, FreeBSD, NetBSD,
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| OpenBSD, and Solaris.  Commercial UNIX operating systems such as
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| UnixWare are also supported.  Other supported operating systems include
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| GNU Hurd.  Mac OS X is supported with the
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| .BR Xquartz (@appmansuffix@)
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| X server.  Win32/Cygwin is supported with the
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| .BR XWin (@appmansuffix@)
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| X server.
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| .SH "NETWORK CONNECTIONS"
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| .B Xorg
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| supports connections made using the following reliable
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| byte-streams:
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| .TP 4
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| .I "Local"
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| On most platforms, the "Local" connection type is a UNIX-domain socket.
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| On some System V platforms, the "local" connection types also include
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| STREAMS pipes, named pipes, and some other mechanisms.
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| See the "LOCAL CONNECTIONS" section of
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| .BR X (@miscmansuffix@)
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| for details.
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| .TP 4
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| .I TCP/IP
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| .B Xorg
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| listens on port
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| .RI 6000+ n ,
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| where
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| .I n
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| is the display number.  This connection type is usually disabled by default,
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| but may be enabled with the
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| .B \-listen
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| option (see the
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| .BR Xserver (1)
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| man page for details).
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| .SH OPTIONS
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| .B Xorg
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| supports several mechanisms for supplying/obtaining configuration and
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| run-time parameters: command line options, environment variables, the
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| .BR xorg.conf (@filemansuffix@)
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| configuration files, auto-detection, and
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| fallback defaults.  When the same information is supplied in more than
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| one way, the highest precedence mechanism is used.  The list of mechanisms
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| is ordered from highest precedence to lowest.  Note that not all parameters
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| can be supplied via all methods.  The available command line options
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| and environment variables (and some defaults) are described here and in the
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| .BR Xserver (@appmansuffix@)
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| manual page.  Most configuration file
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| parameters, with their defaults, are described in the
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| .BR xorg.conf (@filemansuffix@)
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| manual page.  Driver and module specific
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| configuration parameters are described in the relevant driver or module
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| manual page.
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| .PP
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| In addition to the normal server options described in the
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| .BR Xserver (@appmansuffix@)
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| manual page,
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| .B Xorg
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| accepts the following command line switches:
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| .TP 8
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| .BI vt XX
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| .I XX
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| specifies the Virtual Terminal device number which
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| .B Xorg
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| will use.  Without this option,
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| .B Xorg
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| will pick the first available Virtual Terminal that it can locate.  This
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| option applies only to platforms that have virtual terminal support, such
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| as Linux, BSD, OpenSolaris, SVR3, and SVR4.
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| .TP
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| .B \-allowMouseOpenFail
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| Allow the server to start up even if the mouse device can't be opened
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| or initialised.  This is equivalent to the
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| .B AllowMouseOpenFail
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| .BR xorg.conf (@filemansuffix@)
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| file option.
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| .TP 8
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| .B \-allowNonLocalXvidtune
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| Make the VidMode extension available to remote clients.  This allows
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| the xvidtune client to connect from another host.  This is equivalent
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| to the
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| .B AllowNonLocalXvidtune
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| .BR xorg.conf (@filemansuffix@)
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| file option.
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| By default non-local connections are not allowed.
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| .TP 8
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| .BI \-bgamma " value"
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| Set the blue gamma correction.
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| .I value
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| must be between 0.1 and 10.
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| The default is 1.0.  Not all drivers support this.  See also the
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| .BR \-gamma ,
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| .BR \-rgamma ,
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| and
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| .B \-ggamma
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| options.
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| .TP 8
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| .BI \-bpp " n"
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| No longer supported.  Use
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| .B \-depth
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| to set the color depth, and use
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| .B \-fbbpp
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| if you really need to force a non-default framebuffer (hardware) pixel
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| format.
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| .TP 8
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| .BI \-config " file"
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| Read the server configuration from
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| .IR file .
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| This option will work for any file when the server is run as root (i.e,
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| with real-uid 0), or for files relative to a directory in the config
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| search path for all other users.
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| .TP 8
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| .BI \-configdir " directory"
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| Read the server configuration files from
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| .IR directory .
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| This option will work for any directory when the server is run as root
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| (i.e, with real-uid 0), or for directories relative to a directory in the
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| config directory search path for all other users.
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| .TP 8
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| .B \-configure
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| When this option is specified, the
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| .B Xorg
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| server loads all video driver modules, probes for available hardware,
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| and writes out an initial
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| .BR xorg.conf (@filemansuffix@)
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| file based on what was detected.
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| This option currently has some problems on some platforms,
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| but in most cases it is a good way to bootstrap the configuration process.
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| This option is only available when the server
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| is run as root (i.e, with real-uid 0).
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| .TP 8
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| .BI "\-crt /dev/tty" XX
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| SCO only.  This is the same as the
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| .B vt
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| option, and is provided for compatibility with the native SCO X server.
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| .TP 8
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| .BI \-depth " n"
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| Sets the default color depth.  Legal values are 1, 4, 8, 15, 16, and
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| 24.  Not all drivers support all values.
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| .TP 8
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| .B \-disableVidMode
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| Disable the parts of the VidMode extension (used by the xvidtune
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| client) that can be used to change the video modes.  This is equivalent
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| to the
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| .B DisableVidModeExtension
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| .BR xorg.conf (@filemansuffix@)
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| file option.
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| .TP 8
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| .B \-fbbpp \fIn\fP
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| Sets the number of framebuffer bits per pixel.  You should only set this
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| if you're sure it's necessary; normally the server can deduce the correct
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| value from
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| .B \-depth
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| above.  Useful if you want to run a depth 24 configuration with a 24
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| bpp framebuffer rather than the (possibly default) 32 bpp framebuffer
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| (or vice versa).  Legal values are 1, 8, 16, 24, 32.  Not all drivers
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| support all values.
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| .TP 8
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| .B \-flipPixels
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| Swap the default values for the black and white pixels.
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| .TP 8
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| .BI \-gamma " value"
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| Set the gamma correction.
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| .I value
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| must be between 0.1 and 10.  The default is 1.0.  This value is applied
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| equally to the R, G and B values.  Those values can be set independently
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| with the
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| .BR \-rgamma ,
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| .BR \-bgamma ,
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| and
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| .B \-ggamma
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| options.  Not all drivers support this.
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| .TP 8
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| .BI \-ggamma " value"
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| Set the green gamma correction.
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| .I value
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| must be between 0.1 and 10.  The default is 1.0.  Not all drivers support
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| this.  See also the
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| .BR \-gamma ,
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| .BR \-rgamma ,
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| and
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| .B \-bgamma
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| options.
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| .TP 8
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| .B \-ignoreABI
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| The
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| .B Xorg
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| server checks the ABI revision levels of each module that it loads.  It
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| will normally refuse to load modules with ABI revisions that are newer
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| than the server's.  This is because such modules might use interfaces
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| that the server does not have.  When this option is specified, mismatches
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| like this are downgraded from fatal errors to warnings.  This option
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| should be used with care.
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| .TP 8
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| .B \-isolateDevice \fIbus\-id\fP
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| Restrict device resets to the device at
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| .IR bus\-id .
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| The
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| .I bus\-id
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| string has the form
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| .IB bustype : bus : device : function
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| (e.g., \(oqPCI:1:0:0\(cq).
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| At present, only isolation of PCI devices is supported; i.e., this option
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| is ignored if
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| .I bustype
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| is anything other than \(oqPCI\(cq.
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| .TP 8
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| .B \-keeptty
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| Prevent the server from detaching its initial controlling terminal. If you
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| want to use systemd-logind integration you must specify this option.
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| Not all platforms support (or can use) this option.
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| .TP 8
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| .BI \-keyboard " keyboard-name"
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| Use the
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| .BR xorg.conf (@filemansuffix@)
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| file
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| .B InputDevice
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| section called
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| .I keyboard-name
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| as the core keyboard.  This option is ignored when the
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| .B Layout
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| section specifies a core keyboard.  In the absence of both a Layout
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| section and this option, the first relevant
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| .B InputDevice
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| section is used for the core keyboard.
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| .TP 8
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| .BI \-layout " layout-name"
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| Use the
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| .BR xorg.conf (@filemansuffix@)
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| file
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| .B Layout
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| section called
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| .IR layout-name .
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| By default the first
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| .B Layout
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| section is used.
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| .TP 8
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| .BI \-logfile " filename"
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| Use the file called
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| .I filename
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| as the
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| .B Xorg
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| server log file.  The default log file when running as root is
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| .BI @logdir@/Xorg. n .log
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| and for non root it is
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| .BI $XDG_DATA_HOME/xorg/Xorg. n .log
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| where
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| .I n
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| is the display number of the
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| .B Xorg
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| server.  The default may be in a different directory on some platforms.
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| This option is only available when the server is run as root (i.e, with
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| real-uid 0).
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| .TP 8
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| .BR \-logverbose " [\fIn\fP]"
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| Sets the verbosity level for information printed to the
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| .B Xorg
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| server log file.  If the
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| .I n
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| value isn't supplied, each occurrence of this option increments the log
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| file verbosity level.  When the
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| .I n
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| value is supplied, the log file verbosity level is set to that value.
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| The default log file verbosity level is 3.
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| .TP 8
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| .BI \-modulepath " searchpath"
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| Set the module search path to
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| .IR searchpath .
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| .I searchpath
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| is a comma separated list of directories to search for
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| .B Xorg
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| server modules.  This option is only available when the server is run
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| as root (i.e, with real-uid 0).
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| .TP 8
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| .B \-noautoBindGPU
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| Disable automatically setting secondary GPUs up as output sinks and offload
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| sources. This is equivalent to setting the
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| .B AutoBindGPU
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| .BR xorg.conf (@filemansuffix@)
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| file option. To
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| .B false.
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| .TP 8
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| .B \-nosilk
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| Disable Silken Mouse support.
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| .TP 8
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| .B \-novtswitch
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| Disable the automatic switching on X server reset and shutdown to the
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| VT that was active when the server started, if supported by the OS.
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| .TP 8
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| .BI \-pointer " pointer-name"
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| Use the
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| .BR xorg.conf (@filemansuffix@)
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| file
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| .B InputDevice
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| section called
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| .I pointer-name
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| as the core pointer.  This option is ignored when the
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| .B Layout
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| section specifies a core pointer.  In the absence of both a Layout
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| section and this option, the first relevant
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| .B InputDevice
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| section is used for the core pointer.
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| .TP 8
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| .B \-quiet
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| Suppress most informational messages at startup.  The verbosity level
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| is set to zero.
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| .TP 8
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| .BI \-rgamma " value"
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| Set the red gamma correction.
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| .I value
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| must be between 0.1 and 10.  The default is 1.0.  Not all drivers support
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| this.  See also the
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| .BR \-gamma ,
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| .BR \-bgamma ,
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| and
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| .B \-ggamma
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| options.
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| .TP 8
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| .B \-sharevts
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| Share virtual terminals with another X server, if supported by the OS.
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| .TP 8
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| .BI \-screen " screen-name"
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| Use the
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| .BR xorg.conf (@filemansuffix@)
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| file
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| .B Screen
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| section called
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| .IR screen-name .
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| By default the screens referenced by the default
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| .B Layout
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| section are used, or the first
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| .B Screen
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| section when there are no
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| .B Layout
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| sections.
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| .TP 8
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| .B \-showconfig
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| This is the same as the
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| .B \-version
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| option, and is included for compatibility reasons.  It may be removed
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| in a future release, so the
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| .B \-version
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| option should be used instead.
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| .TP 8
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| .B \-showDefaultModulePath
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| Print out the default module path the server was compiled with.
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| .TP 8
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| .B \-showDefaultLibPath
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| Print out the path libraries should be installed to.
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| .TP 8
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| .B \-showopts
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| For each driver module installed, print out the list of options and their
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| argument types.
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| .TP 8
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| .BI \-weight " nnn"
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| Set RGB weighting at 16 bpp.  The default is 565.  This applies only to
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| those drivers which support 16 bpp.
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| .TP 8
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| .BR \-verbose " [\fIn\fP]"
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| Sets the verbosity level for information printed on stderr.  If the
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| .I n
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| value isn't supplied, each occurrence of this option increments the
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| verbosity level.  When the
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| .I n
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| value is supplied, the verbosity level is set to that value.  The default
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| verbosity level is 0.
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| .TP 8
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| .B \-version
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| Print out the server version, patchlevel, release date, the operating
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| system/platform it was built on, and whether it includes module loader
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| support.
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| .SH "KEYBOARD"
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| The
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| .B Xorg
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| server is normally configured to recognize various special combinations
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| of key presses that instruct the server to perform some action, rather
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| than just sending the key press event to a client application. These actions
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| depend on the XKB keymap loaded by a particular keyboard device and may or
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| may not be available on a given configuration.
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| .PP
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| The following key combinations are commonly part of the default XKEYBOARD
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| keymap.
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| .TP 8
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| .B Ctrl+Alt+Backspace
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| Immediately kills the server -- no questions asked. It can be disabled by
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| setting the
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| .B DontZap
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| .BR xorg.conf (@filemansuffix@)
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| file option to a TRUE value.
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| .PP
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| .RS 8
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| It should be noted that zapping is triggered by the
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| .B Terminate_Server
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| action in the keyboard map. This action is not part of the default keymaps
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| but can be enabled with the XKB option
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| .B \*qterminate:ctrl_alt_bksp\*q.
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| .RE
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| .TP 8
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| .B Ctrl+Alt+Keypad-Plus
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| Change video mode to next one specified in the configuration file.
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| This can be disabled with the
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| .B DontZoom
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| .BR xorg.conf (@filemansuffix@)
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| file option.
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| .TP 8
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| .B Ctrl+Alt+Keypad-Minus
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| Change video mode to previous one specified in the configuration file.
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| This can be disabled with the
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| .B DontZoom
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| .BR xorg.conf (@filemansuffix@)
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| file option.
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| .TP 8
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| .B Ctrl+Alt+F1...F12
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| For systems with virtual terminal support, these keystroke
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| combinations are used to switch to virtual terminals 1 through 12,
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| respectively.  This can be disabled with the
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| .B DontVTSwitch
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| .BR xorg.conf (@filemansuffix@)
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| file option.
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| .SH CONFIGURATION
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| .B Xorg
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| typically uses a configuration file called
 | |
| .B xorg.conf
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| and configuration files with the suffix
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| .I .conf
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| in a directory called
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| .B @xconfigdir@
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| for its initial setup.
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| Refer to the
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| .BR xorg.conf (@filemansuffix@)
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| manual page for information about the format of this file.
 | |
| .PP
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| .B Xorg
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| has a mechanism for automatically generating a built-in configuration
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| at run-time when no
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| .B xorg.conf
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| file or
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| .B @xconfigdir@
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| files are present.  The current version of this automatic configuration
 | |
| mechanism works in two ways.
 | |
| .PP
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| The first is via enhancements that have made many components of the
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| .B xorg.conf
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| file optional.  This means that information that can be probed or
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| reasonably deduced doesn't need to be specified explicitly, greatly
 | |
| reducing the amount of built-in configuration information that needs to
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| be generated at run-time.
 | |
| .PP
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| The second is to have "safe" fallbacks for most configuration information.
 | |
| This maximises the likelihood that the
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| .B Xorg
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| server will start up in some usable configuration even when information
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| about the specific hardware is not available.
 | |
| .PP
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| The automatic configuration support for Xorg is work in progress.
 | |
| It is currently aimed at the most popular hardware and software platforms
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| supported by Xorg.  Enhancements are planned for future releases.
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| .SH FILES
 | |
| The
 | |
| .B Xorg
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| server config files can be found in a range of locations.
 | |
| These are documented fully in the
 | |
| .BR xorg.conf (@filemansuffix@)
 | |
| manual page.
 | |
| The most commonly used locations are shown here.
 | |
| .TP 30
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| .B /etc/X11/xorg.conf
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| Server configuration file.
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| .TP 30
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| .B /etc/X11/xorg.conf-4
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| Server configuration file.
 | |
| .TP 30
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| .B /etc/xorg.conf
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| Server configuration file.
 | |
| .TP 30
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| .B @projectroot@/etc/xorg.conf
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| Server configuration file.
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| .TP 30
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| .B @projectroot@/lib/X11/xorg.conf
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| Server configuration file.
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| .TP 30
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| .B /etc/X11/@xconfigdir@
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| Server configuration directory.
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| .TP 30
 | |
| .B /etc/X11/@xconfigdir@-4
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| Server configuration directory.
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| .TP 30
 | |
| .B /etc/@xconfigdir@
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| Server configuration directory.
 | |
| .TP 30
 | |
| .B @projectroot@/etc/@xconfigdir@
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| Server configuration directory.
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| .TP 30
 | |
| .B @projectroot@/lib/X11/@xconfigdir@
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| Server configuration directory.
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| .TP 30
 | |
| .BI @logdir@/Xorg. n .log
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| Server log file for display
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| .IR n .
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| .TP 30
 | |
| .B @projectroot@/bin/\(**
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| Client binaries.
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| .TP 30
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| .B @projectroot@/include/\(**
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| Header files.
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| .TP 30
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| .B @projectroot@/lib/\(**
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| Libraries.
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| .TP 30
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| .B @datadir@/fonts/X11/\(**
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| Fonts.
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| .TP 30
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| .B @projectroot@/share/X11/XErrorDB
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| Client error message database.
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| .TP 30
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| .B @projectroot@/lib/X11/app-defaults/\(**
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| Client resource specifications.
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| .TP 30
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| .B @mandir@/man?/\(**
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| Manual pages.
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| .TP 30
 | |
| .BI /etc/X n .hosts
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| Initial access control list for display
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| .IR n .
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| .SH "SEE ALSO"
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| .BR X (@miscmansuffix@),
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| .BR Xserver (@appmansuffix@),
 | |
| .BR xdm (@appmansuffix@),
 | |
| .BR xinit (@appmansuffix@),
 | |
| .BR xorg.conf (@filemansuffix@),
 | |
| .BR xvidtune (@appmansuffix@),
 | |
| .BR xkeyboard-config  (@miscmansuffix@),
 | |
| .BR apm (@drivermansuffix@),
 | |
| .BR ati (@drivermansuffix@),
 | |
| .BR chips (@drivermansuffix@),
 | |
| .BR cirrus (@drivermansuffix@),
 | |
| .BR cyrix (@drivermansuffix@),
 | |
| .BR fbdev (@drivermansuffix@),
 | |
| .BR glide (@drivermansuffix@),
 | |
| .BR glint (@drivermansuffix@),
 | |
| .BR i128 (@drivermansuffix@),
 | |
| .BR i740 (@drivermansuffix@),
 | |
| .BR imstt (@drivermansuffix@),
 | |
| .BR intel (@drivermansuffix@),
 | |
| .BR mga (@drivermansuffix@),
 | |
| .BR neomagic (@drivermansuffix@),
 | |
| .BR nsc (@drivermansuffix@),
 | |
| .BR nv (@drivermansuffix@),
 | |
| .BR openchrome  (@drivermansuffix@),
 | |
| .BR r128 (@drivermansuffix@),
 | |
| .BR rendition (@drivermansuffix@),
 | |
| .BR s3virge (@drivermansuffix@),
 | |
| .BR siliconmotion (@drivermansuffix@),
 | |
| .BR sis (@drivermansuffix@),
 | |
| .BR sunbw2 (@drivermansuffix@),
 | |
| .BR suncg14 (@drivermansuffix@),
 | |
| .BR suncg3 (@drivermansuffix@),
 | |
| .BR suncg6 (@drivermansuffix@),
 | |
| .BR sunffb (@drivermansuffix@),
 | |
| .BR sunleo (@drivermansuffix@),
 | |
| .BR suntcx (@drivermansuffix@),
 | |
| .BR tdfx (@drivermansuffix@),
 | |
| .BR tga (@drivermansuffix@),
 | |
| .BR trident (@drivermansuffix@),
 | |
| .BR tseng (@drivermansuffix@),
 | |
| .BR v4l (@drivermansuffix@),
 | |
| .BR vesa (@drivermansuffix@),
 | |
| .BR vmware (@drivermansuffix@),
 | |
| .br
 | |
| Web site
 | |
| .IR <https://www.x.org> .
 | |
| 
 | |
| .SH AUTHORS
 | |
| Xorg has many contributors world wide.  The names of most of them
 | |
| can be found in the documentation, ChangeLog files in the source tree,
 | |
| and in the actual source code.
 | |
| .PP
 | |
| Xorg was originally based on XFree86 4.4rc2.
 | |
| That was originally based on \fIX386 1.2\fP by Thomas Roell, which
 | |
| was contributed to the then X Consortium's X11R5 distribution by SGCS.
 | |
| .PP
 | |
| Xorg is released by the X.Org Foundation.
 | |
| .PP
 | |
| The project that became XFree86 was originally founded in 1992 by
 | |
| David Dawes, Glenn Lai, Jim Tsillas and David Wexelblat.
 | |
| .PP
 | |
| XFree86 was later integrated in the then X Consortium's X11R6 release
 | |
| by a group of dedicated XFree86 developers, including the following:
 | |
| .PP
 | |
| .RS 4
 | |
| .nf
 | |
| Stuart Anderson    \fIanderson@metrolink.com\fP
 | |
| Doug Anson         \fIdanson@lgc.com\fP
 | |
| Gertjan Akkerman   \fIakkerman@dutiba.twi.tudelft.nl\fP
 | |
| Mike Bernson       \fImike@mbsun.mlb.org\fP
 | |
| Robin Cutshaw      \fIrobin@XFree86.org\fP
 | |
| David Dawes        \fIdawes@XFree86.org\fP
 | |
| Marc Evans         \fImarc@XFree86.org\fP
 | |
| Pascal Haible      \fIhaible@izfm.uni-stuttgart.de\fP
 | |
| Matthieu Herrb     \fIMatthieu.Herrb@laas.fr\fP
 | |
| Dirk Hohndel       \fIhohndel@XFree86.org\fP
 | |
| David Holland      \fIdavidh@use.com\fP
 | |
| Alan Hourihane     \fIalanh@fairlite.demon.co.uk\fP
 | |
| Jeffrey Hsu        \fIhsu@soda.berkeley.edu\fP
 | |
| Glenn Lai          \fIglenn@cs.utexas.edu\fP
 | |
| Ted Lemon          \fImellon@ncd.com\fP
 | |
| Rich Murphey       \fIrich@XFree86.org\fP
 | |
| Hans Nasten        \fInasten@everyware.se\fP
 | |
| Mark Snitily       \fImark@sgcs.com\fP
 | |
| Randy Terbush      \fIrandyt@cse.unl.edu\fP
 | |
| Jon Tombs          \fItombs@XFree86.org\fP
 | |
| Kees Verstoep      \fIversto@cs.vu.nl\fP
 | |
| Paul Vixie         \fIpaul@vix.com\fP
 | |
| Mark Weaver        \fIMark_Weaver@brown.edu\fP
 | |
| David Wexelblat    \fIdwex@XFree86.org\fP
 | |
| Philip Wheatley    \fIPhilip.Wheatley@ColumbiaSC.NCR.COM\fP
 | |
| Thomas Wolfram     \fIwolf@prz.tu-berlin.de\fP
 | |
| Orest Zborowski    \fIorestz@eskimo.com\fP
 | |
| .fi
 | |
| .RE
 | |
| .PP
 | |
| Xorg source is available from the FTP server
 | |
| \fI<ftp://ftp.x.org/>\fP, and from the X.Org
 | |
| server \fI<https://gitlab.freedesktop.org/xorg/>\fP.  Documentation and other
 | |
| information can be found from the X.Org web site
 | |
| \fI<https://www.x.org/>\fP.
 | |
| 
 | |
| .SH LEGAL
 | |
| .B Xorg
 | |
| is copyright software, provided under licenses that permit modification
 | |
| and redistribution in source and binary form without fee.
 | |
| .B Xorg is copyright by numerous authors and
 | |
| contributors from around the world.  Licensing information can be found
 | |
| at
 | |
| .IR <https://www.x.org> .
 | |
| Refer to the source code for specific copyright notices.
 | |
| .PP
 | |
| .B XFree86(TM)
 | |
| is a trademark of The XFree86 Project, Inc.
 | |
| .PP
 | |
| .B X11(TM)
 | |
| and
 | |
| .B X Window System(TM)
 | |
| are trademarks of The Open Group.
 |